X年中考英语总复习专题课件专题5词汇运用.ppt

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1、专题五 词汇运用,纵观各地中考，对词汇的考查方式主要有：根据句意（短文）及首字母提示完成单词；根据句意（短文）及汉语提示完成单词；用括号内所给词的适当形式填空；从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式完成句子（短文）。,（一）根据句意及首字母提示完成单词,应对此类题型，首先要利用题面信息读懂或想象句意，并结合首字母确定所缺失的词语意义。然后根据具体语境，从语法、句法角度确定词语形式。,Tomorrow is my cousins birthday.Im going to buy a g _ for her.,【,解析,】,填,gift,。根据,birthday(,生日,),、,buy(,买,),我们

2、很容易读懂句意：明天我表姐要过生日，我要买东西送她；结合首字母,g,可以确定缺失的词语应是,gift(,礼物,),；,gift,是可数名词，根据其前面的冠词,a,可知此处是单数，故答案确定为,gift,。,（二）根据句意及汉语提示完成单词,此类题目相对简单，首先能够正确写出所给汉语对应的英语单词。然后要根据句意，从语法、句法角度确定词汇的正确形式。,I really love the music because it _(,听起来,)beautiful.,【,解析,】,填,sounds,。“听起来”的英文是,sound,根据句意,because,引导的原因状语从句应用一般现在时，且主语,it,

3、是第三人称单数，故根据主谓一致原则确定答案为,sounds,。,（三）用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,该题型重在考查学生在特定语境下灵活运用单词的能力，因此考生应从实际语境出发，综合运用语（句）法规则、词类知识、构词法以及习语知识确定词汇的具体形式。,Our teachers ask us to write as _(care)as possible.,【,解析,】,填,carefully,。首先，我们可以确定句意为：老师要求我们尽可能认真地书写；其次，,as.as,中间用形容词、副词原级；再者，此处须用副词修饰动词,write,；最后，我们可以运用构词法知识写出所给词的适当形式为,carefu

4、lly,。,（四）用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,该题型比用括号内所给词的适当形式填空多了一个环节，那就是：先根据句意从方框中选定要填的词语。在考虑句意的同时也要对整题统筹兼顾，避免选重词语。,fly,choose,find out,.,It took Jim a long time _ who took away his backpack.,【,解析,】,填,to find out,。首先，根据句子已给出的信息可以推断句意为：吉姆花了很长时间去查明谁拿走了他的背包。然后，由该句式结构可确定此处须填不定式充当真正的主语，故答案为,to find out,。,（五）短文填空,该题型重在考查学生依据

5、文章的上下文意思、逻辑关系确定所填词汇的能力。,to must ask unusual it,when early who notice if,My name is Jim White.I live in America.I had a very,1,experience on Sunday.I saw a UFO in the daytime.,2,this morning,I went outside with my friend Bill,3,lived close to me.We were walking to a hill,4,I saw a large,bright light

6、dancing in the sky.I called Jim and asked him to look up.He kept,5,“What is that?”“A UFO!”I shouted excitedly.I,6,it was round and red in the center.,.,1.,【,解析,】,填,unusual,。由下文“,I saw a UFO in the daytime”,可知是一次不平凡的经历，故填,unusual,。,2.,【,解析,】,填,Early,。由下文“,this morning”,可知是在交代故事发生的时间，故填,Early,。,3.,【,解

7、析,】,填,who,。在此,who,引导从句作,Bill,的定语。,4.,【,解析,】,填,when,。由上下文所述动作在时间上的关系可知。,5.,【,解析,】,填,asking,。由下文“,What is that?”,可知是在问；再者，,keep doing,是固定用法，故填,asking,。,6.,【,解析,】,填,noticed,。句意：我注意到它是圆形的，中央发红。,考点一 单词拼写,单词拼写重在考查学生识词、记词和用词的能力，与阅读的结合越来越密切，体现了“词不离句，句不离篇”的特点。在考查的词类方面，以实词，尤其以名词、动词、形容词、副词为主。考查形式主要有：根据句意及首字母提示

8、完成单词，根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。,（,A,）根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。,(2012,宁波中考,),1.A shark is a dangerous _(,动物,)that lives in the sea.,2.Lin Shuhao did a good job in the basketball match last month.He is my favorite _(,明星,).,3.John is _(,幸运的,)enough to be chosen for the swimming club.,4.It has been the _(

9、,第十,)day since we climbed the Great Wall.,5.He borrowed my iPhone 4s and hasnt _(,归还,)it to me.,（,B,）在下列各句的空格内填上一个适当的完整的单词，该词的首字母已给出。,6.Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple f _ onto his head.,7.In my hometown,the weather of this summer is much h _ than that of last summer.,8.Tom and

10、Jerry r _ their bikes to Uncle Mas farm twice a month.,9.The mother cat was killed,and the baby cat had to live by i _.,10.Pass me that pair of glasses,please.I cant see the words c _.,1.,【,解析,】,填,animal,。,a dangerous animal,一种危险的动物。,2.,【,解析,】,填,star,。,star,既可以指太空中的星星，也可以指各行各业的“明星”人物。,3.,【,解析,】,填,lu

11、cky,。形容词作表语。,4.,【,解析,】,填,tenth,。,5.,【,解析,】,填,returned,。所在句子是现在完成时（,have/has+,过去分词），故填,returned,。,6.,【,解析,】,填,fell,。句意为“当牛顿正在苹果树下坐着时一个苹果落到了他的头上”。在此,when,引导的时间状语从句是一般过去时，所以填,fell,。,7.,【,解析,】,填,hotter,。句意为“在我的故乡，今年夏天比去年夏天炎热得多。”,hot,炎热，此处用比较级，所以填,hotter,。,8.,【,解析,】,填,ride,。句意为“汤姆和杰瑞每月骑车去马叔叔的农场两次”。,ride,

12、骑车，该句用一般现在时，主语是复数，故填,ride,。,9.,【,解析,】,填,itself,。,by itself,独自；靠它自己。,10.,【,解析,】,填,clearly,。句意为“我不能看清单词”。,clearly,adv,.,清晰地；清楚地。,考点二 选词填空,该题型有两种主要命题形式：,(1),从方框中选择恰当的词填空；,(2),从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空。,前者主要侧重考查考生对句意的理解以及在此基础之上的选词能力。后者则侧重两方面的考查：一方面考查考生在句意理解基础上的选词能力；另一方面还要考查考生在具体语境下的用词能力。,用所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。,（

13、,2011,青岛中考）,copy,rise,experience,save,regard.as.,mention,be,1._ careful to look both ways before you cross the street.,2.I _ my money so I can buy a car.,So am I.,3.Good boy!Youre doing such a good job of _ materials for me.,4.The old teacher used to get up before the sun _ so that he could catch th

14、e early bus to work.,5.Every one _ the apple of the parents eye.,6.As a volunteer,she _ love and hate,sadness and happiness in the past ten years.,7.He thinks it necessary _ his sister in his speech,who has supported him in his university study.,1.,【,解析,】,填,Be,。由后半句可推断前半句要说细心朝两方看，故选动词,be,；同时，这是一个省略了

15、主语的祈使句，故答案确定为,Be,。,2.,【,解析,】,填,am saving,。一方面，由上句的后半句可推断前半句是说攒钱，因此选,save,一词；另一方面，根据答语中的,am,可知上句应该用现在进行时，故答案确定为,am saving,。,3.,【,解析,】,填,copying,。一方面，选,copy,一词构成词组,copy materials(,复制材料,),能够使句意通顺；另一方面,of,是介词后跟动词的,-ing,形式，故答案确定为,copying,。,4.,【,解析,】,填,rose,。由后一分句“以便能赶上上班的早班车”可知是在日出前起床，因此选,rise,一词；而该句是叙述以

16、前的事情，应用一般过去时，故答案确定为,rose,。,5.,【,解析,】,填,is regarded as,。一方面，由句子中的信息可知“每个人都是父母的掌上明珠”，因此选,regard.as.,；另一方面，主语和,regard,之间是被动关系，故答案确定为,is regarded as,。,6.,【,解析,】,填,has experienced,。一方面，由句中信息可推断句意：在过去的,10,年中，作为一名志愿者，她体验到了爱与恨，悲伤与幸福。因此选,experience,一词；另一方面，时间状语,in the past ten years,常常是现在完成时的标志，故答案确定为,has ex

17、perienced,。,7.,【,解析,】,填,to mention,。一方面，由句意可知他想在演讲中提到他的姐姐。因此，选,mention,一词；另一方面，这是一个“,think+it+,adj,.+to do”,句式，故答案确定为,to mention,。,考点三 词形填空,该题型重点考查：同一词根的不同词形变化；序数词与基数词的区别运用；名词的单复数及所有格；代词的用法；形容词和副词比较等级的运用以及动词各种时态语态的灵活运用。,根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。,（,2011,兰州中考）,1.Lucy usually enjoys _(she)in front of the mi

18、rror before leaving home.,2.“Why are you late for school again?”said his teacher _(angry).,3.My uncle lives on the _(twelve)floor of the building.,4.We all received an _(invite)to her wedding.,5.You can go _(cross)the street when the traffic lights turn green.,1.,【,解析,】,填,herself,。考查代词的用法。,she,的反身代词

19、为,herself,，故答案确定为,herself,。,2.,【,解析,】,填,angrily,。此处须填副词修饰动词,said,，意为“他的老师很生气地说”；,angry,的副词是,angrily,，故答案确定为,angrily,。,3.,【,解析,】,填,twelfth,。考查序数词的用法。句意：我叔叔住在该楼的第,12,层。故答案确定为,twelve,的序数词,twelfth,。,4.,【,解析,】,填,invitation,。由句中提供的“,received(,收到,),、,invite(,邀请,),、,wedding(,婚礼,)”,可推断句意为：我们都收到了参加她的婚礼的邀请。再者，

20、根据要填词前面的冠词,an,可知此处须填可数名词，故答案确定为,invitation,。,5.,【,解析,】,填,across,。由句中所提供信息可推断句意为：绿灯亮时你可以过马路。,cross,是动词，显然不可和前面的动词原形,go,连用，但我们可以联想到,cross(,穿过,)=go across,，故答案确定为,across,。,考点四 短文填空,常见的命题形式有四种：（,1,）根据短文内容及首字母（汉语）提示，填写所缺单词；（,2,）阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空；,(3),从方框中选择恰当的词（并用其适当形式）填空；（,4,）根据短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词。,该

21、题型重在考查考生在“词不离句、句不离篇”的具体语境下灵活用词能力。文章题材丰富，内容也多选取学生熟悉的材料，与日常生活息息相关。,根据短文内容，用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整。（每空限填一词）,（,2012,泰安中考）,ask,answer,for,and,large,learn,mean,question,why,smile,Long ago,there lived a learned man in Greece.He was well-known,1,his wide knowledge.And lots of people from all over the count

22、ry came to,2,things from him.The great man taught his students with all his heart and,3,their questions with patience.,One day a student,4,him,“My dear teacher,didnt you say you have many more questions than we do?But we think we students have a lot more than you.”With a,5,the teacher drew two circl

23、esone is as,6,as a big plate(,盘子,),and the other is smaller.,“Of course,Ive learned much more.But I dont think I know all you know.Now,look at these two circles.Inside the big one is my knowledge of things,7,inside the smaller one yours.Out of the circles is what we dont know.My circle is larger,so

24、its line is longer.That,8,I have more opportunities to meet with what we dont know.And thats,9,I myself have more questions than you do.The more you learn,the more,10,youll have.You will never learn enough,you know.”,1.,【,解析,】,填,for,。,be well-known for,因,出名。,2.,【,解析,】,填,learn,。,learn sth.from sb.,向,

25、学,。,3.,【,解析,】,填,answered,。句意为“耐心地回答他们的问题”。,4.,【,解析,】,填,asked,。句意为“有一天有位学生问他”。,5.,【,解析,】,填,smile,。,with a smile,面带微笑。,6.,【,解析,】,填,large,。,as large as a big plate,像一个大盘子那么大。,7.,【,解析,】,填,and,。表顺接、并列关系。,8.,【,解析,】,填,means,。句意为“那意味着我有更多的机会去接触我们所不知道的东西”。,9.,【,解析,】,填,why,。句意为“那就是我为什么有更多问题的原因了”。,10.,【,解析,】,填,questions,。句意为“你知道的越多，你的问题就越多”。,PPT,内容若有不全，系转换问题。内容完整，请放心下载！,